Commercial Insurance

Professional Liability Insurance for Your Expertise

Protect your business from claims of negligence, errors, and omissions. Buffer Insurance is an independent brokerage — we shop multiple carriers to find the right E&O policy for consultants, tech firms, accountants, and every professional service business.

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Avg. Defense Cost
$150K+
Per professional liability claim
Independence
100%
Not captive to any carrier
Licensed In
41 States
Nationwide commercial coverage
The Basics

What Is Professional Liability Insurance?

Professional liability insurance — also called Errors & Omissions (E&O) — protects businesses and professionals from claims alleging that their professional services caused a client financial loss. Unlike general liability, which covers physical injuries and property damage, professional liability covers the financial harm caused by your work product, advice, or failure to perform.

Whether you are a consultant who gave advice that led to a client's loss, a software developer whose code caused a system failure, or an accountant who missed a tax deadline, professional liability insurance pays for your legal defense and any resulting settlements or judgments. Even groundless claims require a legal defense, and E&O coverage ensures that defense does not come out of your pocket.

Coverage Breakdown

What Professional Liability Covers

E&O insurance provides protection across the full spectrum of professional service risks. Here are the five core coverage areas.

Core Coverage

Professional Negligence

Covers claims that you failed to exercise the standard of care expected in your profession. If a client alleges that your work fell below professional standards and caused them financial harm, E&O pays for your legal defense and any resulting damages.

Example: An IT consultant recommends a software system that fails to meet the client's stated requirements, causing lost revenue
Core Coverage

Errors & Mistakes

Covers claims arising from actual mistakes in your professional work — incorrect calculations, flawed designs, coding errors, or factual inaccuracies in reports. Even careful professionals make mistakes, and a single error can trigger a significant claim.

Example: An accountant transposes numbers on a tax return, resulting in penalties and interest for the client
Core Coverage

Omissions & Missed Deadlines

Covers claims alleging that you failed to do something you should have done — missed a filing deadline, forgot to include critical information, or failed to warn a client about a known risk. Omissions are among the most common professional liability claims.

Example: An insurance agent fails to add flood coverage to a client's policy as requested, and the client suffers flood damage
Defense

Legal Defense Costs

Pays for attorney fees, court costs, expert witnesses, and other litigation expenses. Professional liability claims are often complex and expensive to defend. E&O covers your defense even if the claim is completely without merit.

Example: A former client files a frivolous lawsuit alleging bad advice — defense costs reach $85,000 before the case is dismissed
Core Coverage

Misrepresentation

Covers claims that you made inaccurate statements, provided misleading information, or misrepresented your qualifications or the scope of your services. Even unintentional misrepresentation can lead to significant claims.

Example: A marketing consultant overstates projected ROI in a proposal, and the client sues when results fall short
Know the Limits

What Professional Liability Does NOT Cover

E&O insurance is specifically designed for professional service risks. These common exclusions are covered by other policies that Buffer can help you find.

Bodily Injury & Property Damage

Physical injuries to people and damage to tangible property are covered by general liability insurance, not professional liability. E&O covers financial losses from your professional services, not physical harm.

Intentional Wrongdoing

Deliberate fraud, criminal acts, and intentional harm are excluded from all insurance policies. E&O covers honest mistakes and unintentional negligence, not willful misconduct.

Employment Disputes

Claims from your employees — wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment — are covered by Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI), not professional liability.

Data Breaches & Cyber Events

While some E&O policies include limited cyber coverage, full protection for data breaches, ransomware, and regulatory fines requires a standalone cyber liability policy.

Prior Known Claims

Claims you were already aware of before purchasing the policy are excluded. E&O covers unknown future claims, not pre-existing disputes or situations you knew could lead to a claim.

Is It Required?

Who Needs Professional Liability Insurance?

Any business that provides professional advice, services, or expertise to clients needs E&O coverage. If clients pay you for your knowledge and judgment, you need protection when that judgment is questioned.

Technology & IT Services

Software developers, IT consultants, managed service providers, and SaaS companies face claims when their technology fails, projects are delayed, or systems do not perform as promised.

Financial & Accounting Firms

Accountants, bookkeepers, financial planners, and tax preparers are exposed to claims from calculation errors, missed deadlines, and advice that results in financial losses for their clients.

Architects & Engineers

Design professionals face claims when their plans contain errors, structures do not perform as designed, or projects exceed budgets due to design changes. Many states require E&O for licensed architects and engineers.

Consultants & Advisors

Management consultants, HR advisors, marketing consultants, and business coaches are liable when their recommendations lead to client losses. Contracts often require proof of E&O coverage before engagement.

Real Estate & Insurance Agents

Licensed agents and brokers face claims when transactions go wrong, coverage gaps are missed, or clients allege they received bad advice. Most states require E&O as a condition of licensure.

Limits & Pricing

Typical Coverage Limits & What Affects Your Premium

Professional liability policies are typically written on a claims-made basis with per-claim and aggregate limits. Here are the standard coverage levels and cost factors.

Limit Type Typical Amount What It Means
Per Claim $1,000,000 The maximum the insurer pays for any single claim, including legal defense and settlement or judgment costs.
Annual Aggregate $1,000,000 – $2,000,000 The total maximum the insurer pays for all claims combined during the policy period.
Deductible $1,000 – $10,000 Your out-of-pocket cost per claim before the insurer begins paying. Higher deductibles lower your premium.
Retroactive Date Varies The earliest date for which prior acts are covered. Claims-made policies only cover incidents occurring after this date.
Extended Reporting 1 – 3 Years Tail coverage period available when canceling or switching carriers, allowing claims for past work to be reported.

What Affects Your Premium

Profession & Risk Class

Architects and financial advisors pay more than marketing consultants due to higher claim frequency and severity in their industries.

Annual Revenue

Higher revenue indicates more client engagements and greater exposure. Revenue is the primary rating basis for most E&O policies.

Claims History

Prior claims significantly increase premiums. A clean claims record demonstrates professionalism and lowers your risk profile with carriers.

Years in Business

Newer businesses often pay slightly higher rates. Established firms with proven track records may qualify for experience discounts.

Contract Values

The size of your client contracts affects your exposure. Higher-value projects mean larger potential claims and higher premiums.

Coverage Limits & Deductible

Higher limits cost more. Choosing a higher deductible can reduce your premium while still providing protection against catastrophic claims.

Key Decision

Professional Liability vs. General Liability

These two policies protect against completely different types of risk. Most professional service businesses need both. Here is how they compare.

Feature Professional Liability (E&O) General Liability (GL)
What It Covers Financial losses caused by your professional services — errors, negligence, omissions, and misrepresentation. Physical incidents — third-party bodily injury, property damage, personal and advertising injury.
Claim Trigger A client claims your work or advice caused them financial harm, even if you did nothing wrong. Someone is physically injured or their property is damaged due to your business operations.
Policy Type Almost always claims-made. Covers claims reported during the policy period regardless of when the incident occurred. Almost always occurrence-based. Covers incidents that happen during the policy period regardless of when the claim is filed.
Who Needs It Any business that provides professional advice, consulting, design, technology, or skilled services. Virtually every business that interacts with the public, clients, or operates a physical location.
Example Claim A client sues because your consulting advice led to a failed product launch and $200K in lost revenue. A client trips over a cable in your office and breaks their arm, requiring surgery and rehabilitation.
Common Questions

Professional Liability FAQ

Straightforward answers to the questions we hear most from professionals and business owners evaluating their E&O coverage.

What does professional liability insurance cover?
Professional liability insurance (also called Errors & Omissions or E&O) covers claims alleging that your professional services caused a client financial loss. This includes negligence, errors, omissions, misrepresentation, and failure to deliver services as promised. It pays for legal defense costs, settlements, and judgments even if the claim is groundless.
How much does professional liability insurance cost?
Professional liability insurance costs vary by profession, revenue, number of employees, claims history, and coverage limits. Many small professional firms pay between $500 and $3,000 per year for a $1M/$1M policy. High-risk professions like architects, engineers, and financial advisors typically pay more. Buffer shops multiple carriers to find competitive rates for your specific profession.
What is the difference between professional liability and general liability?
General liability covers physical incidents — bodily injury, property damage, and advertising injury. Professional liability covers financial losses caused by your professional work — errors, negligence, missed deadlines, and bad advice. If a client sues because your work cost them money (not because they were physically injured), that is a professional liability claim. Most businesses need both policies.
Is professional liability insurance required?
Some states require E&O insurance for licensed professionals such as attorneys, CPAs, insurance agents, real estate agents, and healthcare providers. Even when not legally required, many clients and contracts mandate proof of professional liability coverage before you can perform work. It is considered standard practice for any business providing professional advice or services.
What is the difference between claims-made and occurrence policies?
Most professional liability policies are claims-made, meaning they cover claims reported during the policy period regardless of when the incident occurred (as long as it is after the retroactive date). Occurrence policies cover incidents that happen during the policy period regardless of when the claim is filed. Claims-made policies require continuous coverage and tail coverage when you cancel or switch carriers.
Does professional liability cover contract disputes?
Professional liability can cover allegations of breach of contract related to your professional services — for example, failing to deliver a project as specified or missing a contractual deadline. However, it does not cover general business contract disputes unrelated to your professional work, such as disputes over payment terms or vendor agreements.
What is tail coverage and do I need it?
Tail coverage (also called an extended reporting period) extends your claims-made policy to cover claims reported after you cancel or switch carriers for incidents that occurred while the policy was active. You need tail coverage when you retire, close your business, or switch to a new insurer that does not offer prior acts coverage. Without it, you lose protection for past work.
How does Buffer help with professional liability insurance?
Buffer Insurance is an independent brokerage — we are not captive to any single carrier. We shop your E&O coverage across multiple insurance companies to find the right combination of coverage, limits, and price for your profession. We understand claims-made policies, retroactive dates, and tail coverage so you do not have gaps in protection.
JE
Your Commercial Advisor
Jenna Easterling
Commercial Insurance Advisor

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